Three Georgia universities ranked among the top 100 universities worldwide for the number of U.S. utility patents granted in 2014, according to a list released this week by the National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association.

Georgia Tech ranked 25th with 78 patents granted last year. Emory University ranked 58th with 35 patents granted, and UGA’s research foundation ranked 73rd with 30 patents.

The University of California system ranked first with 453 patents last year.

The list was compiled based on data from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Utility patents are issued for the invention of a new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or a new and useful improvement, according to the patent office.

UGA’s patents, for example, included those covering antimicrobial coatings for textiles, a candidate HIV treatment, and two poultry vaccines.