Wes Moss: How to get the most out of CARES Act

We can’t cover the entire measure in this column, so I want to focus on three CARES programs that I think are the most important to understand — and are already having the most positive economic impact.

1. Small businesses and “solo-preneurs”

• The CARES Act's Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) makes loans available for companies with 500 or fewer employees.

• While we often think of small businesses as those with 20, 30 or 50 employees, the vast majority of small businesses in America are individuals with their own shingle. Call them “solo-preneurs” — sole proprietors, 1099 contractors, single-member LLCs and even gig workers. Of the 30 million small businesses in the U.S., 24 million (80%) are in this “non-employee business” category.

• The remaining 20% of small businesses collectively employ just under 30 million people, so roughly 60 million people stand to be positively impacted by the PPP.

• The PPP provides a total of $349 billion in loans for the entire small business industry. These loans are potentially 100% forgivable, and once forgiven are slated to be tax-free. Maximum loan amounts are a generous 2.5 times the business’s average monthly obligations for payroll, rent, utilities and health care. To receive complete loan forgiveness, companies with employees must keep the same number of employees on the payroll during the eight-week period from the origination of the loan. If a business does reduce employee headcount or compensation by more than 25%, the forgivability of the loan will be reduced on a pro-rata basis.

• For solo-preneurs who receive a PPP loan, don’t stop paying yourself. As long as you don’t “fire yourself,” your PPP loan, which is a government-backed SBA vehicle, should be forgivable and tax-free as well.

• In addition to providing immediate relief to small-business employees facing pay cuts or layoffs, the PPP will help minimize disruption once we get back on track. If business owners have to lay off people now, they may struggle to put together a solid team when the economy reboots. That could be a drag on our recovery.

• While the PPP is in place, some 5,000 banks across America are participating in the program and doing their best to process and fund these loans.

• I encourage all business owners and solo-preneurs to ask their banks about obtaining a potentially forgivable and tax-free PPP loan. Reducing layoffs now through this program will speed and ease our eventual economic recovery.

2. Enhanced unemployment benefits

• For a variety of reasons, not every business will be able to access the PPP and other CARES Act programs. As a result, we could see more job losses. We’ve already seen over 16 million jobless claims in recent weeks.

>> RELATED: Georgia jobless benefit claims triple to nearly 400,000 in one week

• That’s the bad news. The good news is that CARES provides 16 weeks of enhanced unemployment benefits — an extra $600 per week. So, if your weekly benefit would typically be $300, you’re now eligible for $900 per week.

• In Georgia, the standard maximum benefit is $330. So, unemployed Georgians will now have access to up to $930 a week if they’re unemployed. Also, the rules have been expanded to include benefits for self-employed individuals, independent contractors, freelancers and gig workers who usually would not qualify.

>> RELATED: Stimulus package benefits furloughed workers, too

3. Existing retirement assets

• The CARES Act has dramatically relaxed the IRA and 401(k) rules to the benefit of millions of Americans. Retirement accounts in the U.S. currently total more than $20 trillion. Think IRAs, 401(k)s, SEP IRAs, 457 plans and 403(b)s. Traditionally, you'd have to wait until you're age 59½ to tap most of these accounts. That's no longer the case for the year 2020, thanks to CARES.

• CARES waives the 10% early withdrawal penalty if you make a withdrawal before the traditional age limit.

• It also allows individuals who make withdrawals to spread the tax liability over the next three years.

• And it lets you put the distributions back within three years to avoid Uncle Sam’s bite.

• CARES also allows owners of existing 401(k) accounts to borrow up to $100,000 from those accounts. That’s twice the normal limit.

As I have said from the outset of this crisis, Americans, individually and collectively, will step up and guide our economy through these unprecedented times. The CARES Act provides the tools we need to make that happen. As new information and announcements surrounding this bill are released, my team and I are doing our best to share the things you need to pay attention to. Check back on wesmoss.com for more details on the above, to learn the various nuances and rules, to ask questions, and to stay on top of the latest changes.

Wes Moss has been the host of “Money Matters” on News 95.5 and AM 750 WSB in Atlanta for more than 10 years now, and he does a live show from 9-11 a.m. Sundays. He is the chief investment strategist for Atlanta-based Capital Investment Advisors. For more information, go to wesmoss.com.

DISCLOSURE

This information is provided to you as a resource for informational purposes only and should not be viewed as investment advice or recommendations. This information is being presented without consideration of the investment objectives, risk tolerance, or financial circumstances of any specific investor and might not be suitable for all investors. This information is not intended to, and should not, form a primary basis for any investment decision that you may make. Always consult your own legal, tax, or investment adviser before making any investment/tax/estate/financial planning considerations or decisions.