What happens when you close down a city street to cars?
More people do non-driving things, like walking, biking, strolling, skating and frolicking in the space normally reserved for motor vehicles. Car-free advocates would say that as greenhouse gas emissions and traffic violence go down, happiness and connection go up.
It’s hard to connect with your neighbors while ensconced in two tons of steel.
Despite the benefits, closing streets to cars can make some people, er, a bit upset.
But during the COVID-19 pandemic, cities around the world closed down streets to cars and opened them up for people. More than two years later, some of these experiments were so popular that they are here to stay.
Here are four car-free streets that are still going strong or just getting started.
John F. Kennedy Drive, San Francisco
The people of San Francisco have spoken: Keep JFK Drive car-free.
Historically, JFK Drive (now known as JFK Promenade) has been closed to cars on Sundays since 1967. When the COVID-19 pandemic shut down most of the city and put a premium on outdoor space for socially distanced play, it made sense to keep the street car-free seven days a week.
As anyone who has biked, skated or rolled during an open streets event can attest, once you go car-free, it’s extremely hard to go back.
Making JFK Drive car-free not only increased walking and biking, it turned the street into a space for art, music, celebration and connection.
In April, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed a motion keeping JFK Drive closed to cars, along with 40 improvements that would make the park more accessible to disabled people, seniors and others.
The 1½-mile street in San Francisco’s famed Golden Gate State Park was then the subject of dueling ballot measures: Prop J would have kept cars out, while Prop I would have reopened the street to motorized vehicles.
In the end, voters passed Prop J, with almost 60% voting “yes” and rejected Prop I, with over 60% voting “no.”
According to San Francisco Recreation and Parks, visits to the park increased 36% since the closure, totaling nearly 7 million visits.
Griffith Park Drive, Los Angeles
It started with tragedy.
On April 16, 77-year-old Andrew Jelmart was riding his bike through Griffith Park when he was struck and killed by a speeding driver.
While the park is a popular spot for hiking, biking and horse-riding with more than 50 miles of trails, cars often use it as a shortcut to avoid adjacent freeways.
Los Angeles has long been known for its car-centric culture, but Jelmart’s death sparked a movement to make at least part of Griffith Park Drive car-free.
By the end of June, the park announced it was temporarily shutting a stretch of Griffith Park Drive to cars. By Aug. 18, the change was made permanent.
As mobility advocates and writers have pointed out, most of the park is still open to cars — the section of Griffith Park Drive that is newly car-free is less than a mile long. However, city officials estimate that the closure keeps about 2,000 cars per day from cutting through the park, making it safer for people walking and rolling.
34th Ave., New York City
Although not shut down to cars 24/7, one of the most successful car-free street projects is 34th Avenue (now known as “Paseo Park”) in the Jackson Heights neighborhood of Queens, New York City.
Currently, the street is car-free every day between 7 a.m. and 8 p.m., turning 26 city blocks into a de facto public park. With the newfound space, the neighborhood hosts a myriad of cultural activities, including yoga, dance, gardening, ESL classes and arts and crafts for kids.
Started in the early days of the pandemic, the 34th Avenue open street project was organized as part of New York City’s Open Streets initiative. Volunteers from the neighborhood put out traffic barriers every morning and started organizing events, activities and games. This year, only 20 miles of ‘Open Streets’ remain in the city, down from a high of 83 miles.
The city’s department of transportation says that the project has reduced traffic violence involving pedestrians by a whopping 41.7%.
Although the project has sparked controversy in recent months, 34th Avenue is a testament to community organizing and the possibilities of a street centered on people, not cars.
Capel Street, Dublin
Capel Street is a popular retail and restaurant district in Dublin that went car-less in May, making it the longest car-free street in the country.
But it wasn’t without some pushback.
On the face of it, the street – since named one of Time Out’s coolest streets in the world – seems perfect for pedestrianization. Capel is home to such TikTok-famous eateries as Krewe, Bovinity and a secret Asian street food restaurant hidden in the back of a supermarket.
A new report out of New York City has found that far from hurting restaurants, car-free streets actually increased business for restaurants enrolled in the Open Streets program. They saw a 19% increase in revenue over previous years, or almost $6 million total during summer 2021.
Capel Street’s car-free journey started gradually, with more space on the street dedicated to outdoor dining during the pandemic. Then, last year, Dublin piloted a program shutting down the street to cars during weekend evening hours for 17 weeks.
A public outreach survey found that almost 90% of respondents supported making Capel Street traffic-free, saying that it “improved their experience” of the street. While some businesses were opposed to the idea, Dublin city councilors voted this month to keep the street closed to motor vehicles.
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