Saturday’s rising sun briefly blinded the roughly 200-person crowd, so they heard the bagpiper before they saw him.

His tones cut air as he ambled through a patch of Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park that held 2,977 flags — each for a life that ended 20 years ago on Sept. 11, 2001.

Adults held kids and coffee cups just before 8 a.m. as the Marietta Kiwanis Club’s Field of Flags event began, one of several such remembrances in metro Atlanta on the somber anniversary.

There were 13 more flags at half-staff to honor the U.S. troops killed in the recent suicide bombing at Afghanistan’s Kabul airport.

Park superintendent Patrick Gammon said the Civil War battlefield was an appropriate place to honor the victims of 9/11 because it is where people contemplate about who we are as a country.

James D’Avolio said contemplation hurts but he knows it’s important. The retired New York Fire Department captain said he was playing on the kitchen floor with his 1-year-old daughter — “Daddy was a lot of fun back then” — when his mother-in-law called to tell him a World Trade Center tower had been hit.

By the time he reached his firehouse, the second tower had fallen. And by the time he got to ground zero? “There was a rainstorm of falling debris.”

He said firefighters dug with their hands or pieces of metal, whatever they could find. He left at 10 p.m., couldn’t sleep, had a couple drinks at a bar, slept a couple hours at the fire station and woke up to work the next day.

D’Avolio said he came home four times over the next 30 days, according his wife’s journal.

He said there were nine funerals for New York city firefighters in one day alone. Over the years, he said, the bodies for only eight of his 19 missing colleagues have been found.

D’Avolio shifted from rescue to retrieval. He worked with the medical examiner’s office on a system that sifts through debris and finds human remains to gives families closure. Just last week, he said, the system identified two more people.

To end the program at Kennesaw Mountain, the names of all 2,977 victims were read aloud.

Eric and Nancy Lucas had planned to go on their monthly hike with friends but saw the ceremony and stayed.

Eric and Nancy Lucas pose for a photo amid the nearly 3,000 flags at Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park to honor those who died on Sept. 11, 2001 an entire two decades ago. (Ben Brasch/The AJC)

Credit: Ben Brasch/AJC

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Credit: Ben Brasch/AJC

Eric Lucas, now 71, remembers being at his downtown Decatur office when his mother in Holland called at 3 p.m. her time saying he needed to turn on a TV. Nancy Lucas, now a 70-year-old retired court reporter, said she found out about the attacks when the security guard at her office wanted to examine her typing equipment.

They both agreed the United States hasn’t learned a lot these last 20 years because of “our fatal mistake of misunderstanding cultures.”

Kathrina Howerton and Ryan Rankin brought his 8-year-old daughter to Kennesaw Mountain to teach her a history lesson.

Howerton, whose father was in the military, remembers being on base in Germany and not believing the towers being hit on TV. “I thought it was literally a movie,” she said.

Rankin, 35, recalls being out of school for a week while in California with his mother after the attacks. Then followed more and more fire drills.

“Every year you don’t know if they’re going to do more terrorist acts,” Rankin said. He said he hasn’t gotten over the paranoia.

Like at the park and other locales around the nation, a moment of silence was held at Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport.

Airport leaders briefly paused airport operations at 8:46 a.m., which is when the first tower was struck. Travelers, workers and officials paused and paid respects during the remembrance event at Hartsfield-Jackson.

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport and TSA officials remember Sept 11, 2001 and hold services in the atrium of Concourse F on Saturday, Sept 11, 2021.  The event included the TSA Honor Guard who presented the colors, a moment of silence led by US Army chaplains at 8:46 am, when the first plane hit; a candle lighting for each airplane and musical selections including the National Anthem.  (Jenni Girtman for The Atlanta Journal - Constitution)

Credit: Jenni Girtman

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Credit: Jenni Girtman

But as it was 20 years ago, there was positive amid the fear Saturday.

Steven and Deborah Ludy’s daughter had signed them up to package meals at the Georgia World Congress Center for the Atlanta Community Food Bank. The day is personal to them.

Volunteers filled bags of oatmeal that will eventually be part of the 200,000 meals for the Atlanta Community Food Bank during the 9/11 National Day of Service at the Georgia World Congress Center on Saturday, September 11, 2021.  STEVE SCHAEFER FOR THE ATLANTA JOURNAL-CONSTITUTION

Credit: Steve Schaefer

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Credit: Steve Schaefer

On that day 20 years ago, he briefly paused his Civil War history lesson at a middle school in Brooklyn to look out the window and see the first tower on fire. Students were shocked, and he knew they needed something cathartic, so he told them all to design squares for his wife to quilt.

Many of the 140 pieces carried personal messages, like: “To my mom, who didn’t make it off the 50th floor.”

Steven and Deborah Ludy had his Brooklyn middle school class create squares that Deborah quilted together following 9/11. It was eventually displayed in the West Wing of the White House, he said. (Courtesy of the Ludys)

Credit: Ben Brasch

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Credit: Ben Brasch

He said the quilt was displayed in the West Wing of the White House, and the students received a thankful letter from President George W. Bush.

Deborah Ludy is proud of her handiwork and is happy she could give back. The now-retired hospital nurse remembers wiping away tears and scrubbing up to receive the injured.

“We waited and we waited and we waited and we got no survivors,” she said. “And we cried, cried, cried … because we (had) no one to recover.”

Atlanta Police officer U. Hussain talks with Steve Ludy about their experience in New York City on 911 during the 9/11 National Day of Service at the Georgia World Congress Center Saturday, September 11, 2021. During the event, hundreds of volunteers packed meals for the Atlanta Community Food Bank.  STEVE SCHAEFER FOR THE ATLANTA JOURNAL-CONSTITUTION

Credit: Steve Schaefer

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Credit: Steve Schaefer

And on Saturday, they were ready to help again.

The Ludys were among the hundreds of volunteers who joined together at the 9/11 National Day of Service effort to pack 200,000 meals for metro residents in need.

“It allowed us to reflect back on that day,” she said.

Steven and Deborah Ludy had his Brooklyn middle school class create squares that Deborah quilted together following 9/11. It was eventually displayed in the West Wing of the White House, he said. (Courtesy of the Ludys)

Credit: Ben Brasch

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Credit: Ben Brasch

The 9/11 attacks' , profound effect on the U.S, over 20 years.On Sept. 11, 2001, nearly 3,000 people died in terrorist attacks on New York City, Washington, D.C. and Shanksville, Pennsylvania.In October 2001, 60% of adults expressed trust in the federal government.Nearly 20 years later, the United States' long war in Afghanistan has finallycome to a chaotic conclusion.According to the Pew Research Center, 69% of U.S. adults believe the United States has mostly failed to achieve its goals in Afghanistan.An April 2021 Pew survey showed that only 24% said that they trusted the government just about always or most of the time.In mid-September 2001, 77% favored U.S. military action, including the deployment of ground forces.By mid 2011, 56% of Americans felt that U.S. forces should be withdrawn as soon as possible, while only 39% favored remaining in the country.The event also drastically changed public opinion on protecting civil liberties.In 2001 and 2002, 55% of Americans surveyed felt it was necessary to give up some civil liberties in order to curb terrorism in the U.S.In 1997, only 29% said this would be necessary, while 62% said it would not.Anti-Muslim sentiment in the aftermath of 9/11 has had a profound effect on Muslims living in the United States.Surveys of U.S. Muslims from 2007-2017 found increasing numbers who have personally experienced both discrimination and received public expression of support