THE U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL
— There are five veto-wielding permanent council members — the United States, Britain, France, Russia and China — and 10 temporary members without veto power.
— Saudi Arabia, Chad, Nigeria, Chile and Lithuania were elected Thursday by the U.N. General Assembly to serve two-year terms on the council starting next year. Saudi Arabia rejected its seat Friday.
— Five of the current members — Azerbaijan, Guatemala, Pakistan, Morocco and Togo — will serve on the council until the end of 2013.
— The other five seats are held by Argentina, Australia, Luxembourg, Rwanda and South Korea through the end of 2014.
News services
Just hours after winning a coveted place on the U.N. Security Council for the first time, Saudi Arabia did a stunning about-face Friday and rejected the seat, denouncing the body for failing to resolve world conflicts such as the Syrian civil war.
The unprecedented move at the United Nations appeared largely directed at Saudi Arabia’s longtime ally, the United States, reflecting more than two years of frustration.
The oil giant and the world’s superpower are at odds over a number of Mideast issues, including how Washington has handled some of the region’s crises, particularly in Egypt and Syria. It also comes as ties between the U.S. and Iran, the Saudis’ regional foe, appear to be improving somewhat.
The Saudis were displeased that the U.S. backed off threats of military strikes against Syria in response to its alleged use of chemical weapons. In Egypt, Washington has been critical of the military after it toppled President Mohammed Morsi, while Saudi Arabia has strongly backed the coup, giving billions of dollars to the new army-backed government.
Saudi Arabia’s reversal surprised U.N. diplomats and officials who had just welcomed the kingdom to a two-year term on the U.N.’s most powerful body for the first time.
Britain, Pakistan and other countries said they wanted explanations, particularly as Saudi Arabia’s U.N. ambassador, Abdallah Al-Mouallimi, had told reporters following Thursday’s vote that his government took the election “very seriously” and saw it as “a reflection of a longstanding policy in support of moderation and in support of resolving disputes in peaceful means.”
Al-Mouallimi’s comments stood in sharp contrast to the strident tone of Friday’s Saudi Foreign Ministry statement, which accused the Security Council of failing on multiple fronts in the Middle East — especially in ending the Syria conflict but also in failing to resolve the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and rid the region of weapons of mass destruction.
“They should have thought of that before competing for the seat,” said Gert Rosenthal, Guatemala’s U.N. ambassador, noting that the Saudis were lobbying for support right up until the vote.
The Saudi statement was especially critical of the Security Council’s “inability to perform its duties” to end the 2 1/2-year conflict in Syria, saying this has enabled President Bashar Assad’s regime “to kill its people and burn them with chemical weapons in front of the entire world and without any deterrent or punishment.” The Syrian regime denies using chemical weapons.
Saudi Arabia backs the rebels fighting to overthrow Assad in a war that has killed some 100,000 people since early 2011. The Saudis and other Sunni Arab governments are eager to counter their regional rival Iran, which has strongly thrown its weight behind Assad.
Assad’s allies Russia and China have blocked three strongly worded Security Council resolutions aimed at ending the conflict. Still, in a rare consensus, the council passed a resolution backed by the U.S. and Russia to destroy Syria’s chemical weapons arsenal after an Aug. 21 chemical attack.
Russia said it was “surprised” and “baffled by the reasons that the kingdom gave to explain its position” — particularly after the chemical weapons resolution.
Saudi Arabia showed its displeasure last month when its foreign minister, Saud al-Faisal, declined to address the General Assembly meeting. Days later, the kingdom’s unease with Washington appeared to manifest when President Barack Obama spoke to Iran’s new president, Hassan Rouhani, in a groundbreaking telephone call.
“It is hard not to think that Riyadh’s decision reflects an overall cooling of the U.S.-Saudi relationship,” said Boston University professor Charles Dunbar, a diplomat for four decades including posts in Afghanistan, Qatar and Yemen. “Syria and Iran would seem to be the two most prominent reasons for the downturn in relations.”
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