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"},{"_id":"NO5ORMRBQNH6JKWRKHTDJ5GBOE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The kingdom has long had close economic, religious and security ties to Pakistan, including reportedly providing funding for Islamabad's nuclear weapons program as it developed. Analysts — and Pakistani diplomats in at least one case — have suggested over the years that Saudi Arabia could be included under Islamabad's nuclear umbrella, particularly as tensions have risen over Iran's atomic program. "},{"_id":"AOXJ52YFFRA2FMJYRF3YC6QIJ4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"But the timing of the pact appeared to be a signal to Israel, long suspected to be the Middle East's only nuclear-armed state, which has conducted a sprawling military offensive since Hamas' Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel stretching across Iran, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Qatar, Syria and Yemen. "},{"_id":"BT5BZX4E7RA6NGU672YHA6NJF4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Israel did not immediately acknowledge the pact, which was the first firm defense decision made by a Gulf Arab country since the Qatar attack last week. The United States, long the security guarantor for the Gulf states, also did not immediately acknowledge the agreement."},{"_id":"64VPIAU6YBDBZLM2MYS5Z2CTDA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia’s powerful Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman signed the pact Wednesday with Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. "},{"_id":"JOAQUYA2CFDDZLWBFXGJ47HR4I","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"While not specifically discussing the bomb, the agreement states “any aggression against either country shall be considered an aggression against both,” according to statements issued by both Pakistan’s Foreign Affairs Ministry and the state-run Saudi Press Agency."},{"_id":"JPUIRLBVKZFQVNJINH5HYSZZWE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“This agreement ... aims to develop aspects of defense cooperation between the two countries and strengthen joint deterrence against any aggression,” the statement said. "},{"level":2,"_id":"7N2WI6JYUBDNXFRQTXGQESWQP4","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"A long defense relationship"},{"_id":"IQ7HS2AJ4RDVBK6KQZPO4WWIKU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have a defense relationship stretching back decades, in part due to Islamabad's willingness to defend the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina in the kingdom. Pakistani troops first traveled to Saudi Arabia in the late 1960s over concerns about Egypt's war in Yemen at the time. "},{"_id":"THZHG3W5GVFQZPPTBOMYSP5UNQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Those ties increased after Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution and the kingdom's fears of a confrontation with Tehran."},{"_id":"VLC6JUNIEBGEFAHCEA4YA5YWFQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan developed its nuclear weapons program to counter India's atomic bombs. The two neighbors have fought multiple wars against each other and again came close to open warfare after an attack on tourists in April in Indian-controlled Kashmir. India is believed to have an estimated 172 nuclear warheads, while Pakistan has 170, according to the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists."},{"_id":"VYENJX5XMNF6NMTCKZ7HJSV6EM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday, India's Foreign Ministry acknowledged the Saudi-Pakistan pact and said it “will study the implications of this development for our national security as well as for regional and global stability.” Saudi Arabia also maintains close ties with India. "},{"level":2,"_id":"SSM7COZAF5DOBCOJQSZYAGPUEA","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"An interest in Pakistan's program"},{"_id":"QYP46KUHAVFJBONWLCN7Z6V5JY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Retired Pakistani Brig. Gen. Feroz Hassan Khan, in his book on his country's nuclear weapons program called “Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb,” said Saudi Arabia provided “generous financial support” for the program's effort."},{"_id":"Z4P6F7LZLVFKHGJIZOUDIDO6II","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In a 2007 U.S. diplomatic cable published by WikiLeaks, American diplomats in Saudi Arabia noted that their Pakistani counterparts had brought up the idea of the kingdom pursuing a weapons program alongside Islamabad. "},{"_id":"NRMGCRVICRDLXMA5NBJSDLEEFE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“According to these officials, they understand that (Saudi Arabia) does want to protect itself and the region, and since, in their opinion, some of the other regional players — specifically Egypt — are unable to develop such weapons systems due to financial constraints, it is logical for the Saudis to step in as the physical ‘protector’ just as they have been increasingly stepping in as peace mediators in various regional conflicts,” the cable read. "},{"_id":"IH27KWECWRFDDKONRPR7TEJX4U","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia did not respond to questions from The Associated Press on Thursday on whether the pact extended to Islamabad's nuclear weapons arsenal. "},{"level":2,"_id":"74HJ663LSVGWPFAT66JU4LHTRA","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"How Iran ties in"},{"_id":"KF72ZOJ6FNC7ZNSV65PKT6GBDM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia has sought U.S. assistance to advance a civilian nuclear power program, in part with what had been a proposed diplomatic recognition deal with Israel prior to the 2023 Hamas attack. That could allow Saudi Arabia to enrich uranium in the kingdom — something that worries nonproliferation experts as spinning centrifuges opens the door to a possible weapons program. "},{"_id":"ATUWI6KMK5AOLGPT7AWDVEXMTY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Prince Mohammed has said the kingdom would pursue a nuclear weapon if Iran had one. The kingdom already is believed to have a domestic ballistic missile program, which can be a delivery system for a nuclear weapon. However, Saudi Arabia is a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and isn't known to have move toward acquiring the bomb through its own work. "},{"_id":"HVNGRNYB55DQPKWN3MW4ZH7S2E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Before the defense pact was signed, Iran dispatched Ali Larijani, a senior political figure who now serves as the secretary of the country's Supreme National Security Council, to visit Saudi Arabia. That may have seen the kingdom acknowledge the pact to Tehran, with which it has had a Chinese-mediated détente with Iran since 2023. "},{"_id":"4ISYXJTZTFEO7GG5YX62ETEVBM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"S6EILP3AOZHCDDT72KZBKCZ7EM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Gambrell reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Associated Press writer Vineeta Deepak in New Delhi contributed to this report. "},{"_id":"H4G55AI2SVAQXELNF6EQJV6AGU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"SCG2LHN5QRGXRGXFM6DHC423YQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The Associated Press receives support for nuclear security coverage from the Carnegie Corporation of New York and Outrider Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for all content."},{"_id":"VJWO3BDVLRBIZEDSPOO5HERF2E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"ACIWI7RQUVG6HN55FYAM4AJ6I4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Additional AP coverage of the nuclear landscape: https://apnews.com/projects/the-new-nuclear-landscape/"}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T07:33:16Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MUNIR AHMED and JON GAMBRELL","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Saudi Arabia signs mutual defense pact with nuclear-armed Pakistan after Israeli attack on Qatar"},"first_publish_date":"2025-09-18T07:43:28.518Z","taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":null,"sponsor_mobile_banner":null,"sponsor_url":null},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":null,"section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sections":[{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent":{"default":"/news"},"_website":"ajc","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":"","sponsor_mobile_banner":"","sponsor_url":""},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":"","section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","_website":"ajc","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"_website_section_id":"ajc./news/nation-world","type":"section","version":"0.6.0"}],"primary_section":{"path":"/news/nation-world","name":"Nation & World News"},"tags":[{"text":"natworld.ap"}]},"type":"story","last_updated_date":"2025-09-18T07:43:28.518Z","promo_items":{"basic":{"auth":{"1":"237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21"},"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"AP","type":"author"}],"by":[{"name":"Saudi Press Agency","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"Pakistan Saudi Arabia","width":1600,"caption":"This handout photograph released by the state-run Saudi Press Agency shows Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, left, embracing Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman after signing a joint defense pact in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 2025. 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"},{"_id":"ZH2OUJCR4NC7DDQBZOX2NS3CGE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In a joint statement issued before the change of prime minister last week, unions described such measures as “unprecedented brutality,” regretting that previous government had \"chosen to make workers, those in precarious employment, retirees, and the sick pay the price.”"},{"_id":"A7OSK7ST3RFNJA6XEC6FR3WKZI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Unions also continue to denounce President Emmanuel Macron’s pension reform that raised the minimum retirement age from 62 to 64."},{"_id":"X2CPXTYMWZE5HJSQJJVINPRRDA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Outgoing Interior Minister Bruno Retailleau said Wednesday he expects “a very strong mobilization” in the streets. About 80,000 police and gendarmerie officers are to be deployed across the country, he said on news broadcaster BFM TV."},{"_id":"G7VSETFHVFENVLSAEEI6FJZGZU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“There is a risk that early in the morning we will see blockades, sabotage, and small groups of ultraleftists who want to cause destruction and are extremely violent,” Retailleau said. Later in the day, street demonstrations are to be staged in many French cities, he added."},{"_id":"AV3MKI2FVNDXJIFLDGUOTKM2XQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Disruptions are expected in multiple sectors, including public transportation, hospitals and schools."},{"_id":"OSGD5VO3VJFNVKIP4U3AVK3VWU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"French national rail company SNCF said “a few disruptions” are to be expected on high-speed trains to France and Europe, but most will run."},{"_id":"63FCY4ALNRG6ZNYJZIVXPVDBLA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Regional rail lines, as well as the Paris metro and commuter trains, will be more severely impacted. 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"},{"_id":"GX2NSCARXBABFCGWNCIJ723JL4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"British officials have festooned the trip with the kind of superlatives Trump revels in: It's an “unprecedented” second state visit for the U.S. leader, featuring the biggest military honor guard ever assembled for such an occasion. "},{"_id":"AT3J5WB2URHGHLHCD4DHJJLY2Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday it is Starmer’s turn to welcome the president to Chequers, a 16th-century manor house northwest of London that serves as a rural retreat for British leaders."},{"_id":"SDY7UTLL6NESTCN5HZXEIIFC7E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Trump’s British hosts want to celebrate the strength of the U.S-U.K. relationship, almost 250 years after its rocky start in 1776. Trump will be welcomed by ceremonial honor guard complete with bagpipers — a nod to the president’s Scottish heritage — and shown items from the archive of wartime leader Winston Churchill, who coined the term “special relationship” for the bond between the United States and Britain."},{"_id":"GKKFSBUKQFGRHMNEPO4DQQ5E7A","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"There’s also a lunch of Dover sole followed by key lime pie, and a display by the Red Devils army parachute team."},{"level":2,"_id":"NYEDYGEMAJHQPFXUDAXY3G5YJE","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Trans-Atlantic tech partnership"},{"_id":"I27S4VSASFGDFGDEYLQPN4E5AM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"To coincide with the visit, Britain said U.S. companies had pledged 150 billion pounds ($204 billion) in investment in the United Kingdom, including 90 billion pounds ($122 billion) from investment firm Blackstone in the next decade. Investment will also flow the other way, including almost $30 billion by pharmaceutical firm GSK in the U.S."},{"_id":"4DTY2BX7EJDHRFG5M74FFPZYYI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The two leaders will sign a “tech prosperity deal” that U.K. officials say will bring thousands of jobs and billions in investment in artificial intelligence, quantum computing and nuclear energy."},{"_id":"3J7F7XB2EBBYPHVB7753H777BE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"It includes a U.K. arm of Stargate, a Trump-backed AI infrastructure project led by OpenAI, and a host of AI data centers around the U.K. American firms are announcing 31 billion pounds ($42 billion) investment in the U.K.’s AI sector, including $30 billion from Microsoft for protects including Britain’s largest supercomputer."},{"_id":"NZPXAZUDL5CFZLH5YD7D5BP4TY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"British officials say they have not agreed to scrap a digital services tax or water down internet regulation to get the deal, some details of which have yet to be announced."},{"_id":"TZYHRQM5S5APFH35V6QP6KOZJE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The British government is learning that when it comes to deals with the U.S. administration, the devil is in the detail. In May, Starmer and Trump struck a trade agreement that reduced U.S. tariffs on Britain’s key auto and aerospace industries."},{"_id":"PITNEQ3IWZES3J6XAIEIONXTJQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"But talks on slashing duties on steel and aluminum to zero from their current level of 25% have stalled, despite a promise in May that the issue would be settled within weeks."},{"_id":"TN272NKS7BBXFPMEXPUOHOTXLM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The British Chambers of Commerce said failure to cut the tariffs would “greeted with dismay” by the British steel industry."},{"level":2,"_id":"6IARHFGWJJHYPCBXUTVCOT3H3I","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Potentially awkward conversations"},{"_id":"G4FXJ3IY2FBCPAOFCXCEGZVG7U","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Starmer wants a successful state visit to balance weeks of bad news that saw him lose not just an ambassador but Deputy Prime Minister Angela Rayner — who quit over a tax error on a home purchase — and a senior aide. Fourteen months after winning a landslide election victory, Starmer’s government is struggling to kickstart Britain’s sluggish economy and his Labour Party is lagging in the polls."},{"_id":"5G5XS7TEZ5FQFOJUGMKFITBCBQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Leslie Vinjamuri, president of the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, said the trip was likely to be “a difficult visit for the prime minister, much more so than for the U.S. president.”"},{"_id":"PKP6JV3NYZAZRPXXZGN4BFXOGE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"For Trump, “this plays well at home, it plays well abroad. It’s almost entirely to President Trump’s advantage to turn up to Britain and be celebrated by the British establishment,” she said."},{"_id":"ZVA477PIBVFIVM53SXSUFIHOJY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Starmer will be bracing for awkward questions about Jeffrey Epstein when he and Trump hold a news conference at Chequers. Days before the state visit, Starmer fired Britain’s ambassador to the U.S., Peter Mandelson, over the envoy’s past friendship with the convicted sex offender."},{"_id":"MQFEW2RUJBCYNOJVSRWTUONAZE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Questions about Epstein overshadowed Trump's last visit to the U.K. in July, when he sat with Starmer at his golf club in Scotland. As they took questions from journalists, Trump was repeatedly peppered with queries about Epstein as his government faced pressure from back home to release government records into the criminal case of the now-disgraced financier, who authorities say killed himself in 2019. "},{"level":2,"_id":"2WN2XMMBZVAVPIYGJKVXJC2EYQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Difficult discussions on Ukraine, Middle East"},{"_id":"VLIPWMHTTNHNJJTVW52N45BG4A","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"There are also potentially difficult conversations to be had over Ukraine and the Middle East."},{"_id":"2ZJ2JU356FDE7EA2JU5YHBRZ6Y","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Starmer has played a major part in European efforts to shore up U.S. support for Ukraine. Trump has expressed frustration with Russian President Vladimir Putin but has not made good on threats to impose new sanctions on Russia for shunning peace negotiations. As he left Washington for the U.K. on Tuesday, Trump appeared to put the onus on Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, saying, “He's going to have to make a deal.”"},{"_id":"JKVNAMJAI5D2HITOGW3HMXMYWM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Last week’s Russian drone incursion into NATO member Poland drew strong condemnation from European NATO allies, and pledges of more planes and troops for the bloc’s eastern flank. Trump played down the incident’s severity, musing that it “ could have been a mistake. ”"},{"_id":"D6KS24Q675BWZC2J5FXEPPH5AY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The king gave Trump a gentle nudge in his state banquet speech on the strength of the trans-Atlantic relationship. Charles noted that “as tyranny once again threatens Europe, we and our allies stand together in support of Ukraine, to deter aggression and secure peace.”"},{"_id":"ECSQPTP2FRDFDOEOF5N6FIK4ME","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Starmer also departs from Trump on Israel’s war in Gaza, and has said the U.K. will formally recognize a Palestinian state at the United Nations later this month."},{"_id":"TMVCSM7FJREWLP6FJ6Z6ODAZQM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Trump has threatened to penalize Canada during trade negotiations for making a similar move."},{"_id":"4UNVQE3IUZGHPKNDDE53KDXN2Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"XBH4DBKNOVDDVIKV7BXJUDEGNQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"AP Technology Writer Matt O’Brien contributed to this story."}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T06:36:32Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MICHELLE L. 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"},{"_id":"ERKZW4JNEFEF5NOENVAFVPMWKM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The kingdom has long had close economic, religious and security ties to Pakistan, including reportedly providing funding for Islamabad's nuclear weapons program as it developed. Analysts — and Pakistani diplomats in at least one case — have suggested over the years that Saudi Arabia could be included under Islamabad's nuclear umbrella, particularly as tensions have risen over Iran's atomic program. "},{"_id":"DU75FRIPLRE2LCYM34EK2V3PWI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"But the timing of the pact appeared to be a signal to Israel, long suspected to be the Middle East's only nuclear-armed state, which has conducted a sprawling military offensive since Hamas' Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel stretching across Iran, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Qatar, Syria and Yemen. "},{"_id":"XWKNWAM5HJFILFLS3QX2AHZHJM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Israel did not immediately acknowledge the pact, which was the first firm defense decision made by a Gulf Arab country since the Qatar attack last week. The United States, long the security guarantor for the Gulf states, also did not immediately acknowledge the agreement."},{"_id":"33SEE5Z3CRFE5NB7DXHFVZLFXM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia’s powerful Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman signed the pact Wednesday with Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. "},{"_id":"DYAP4LHNWZDHBJAABD6GCV6DOE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"While not specifically discussing the bomb, the agreement states “any aggression against either country shall be considered an aggression against both,” according to statements issued by both Pakistan’s Foreign Affairs Ministry and the state-run Saudi Press Agency."},{"_id":"2MNGVZFRFNEJBLYA3JLVZFX4GU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“This agreement ... aims to develop aspects of defense cooperation between the two countries and strengthen joint deterrence against any aggression,” the statement said. "},{"level":2,"_id":"P74DIQBUTJBP5D26KJUJG6UZ7E","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"A long defense relationship"},{"_id":"WSOI74ISBBFJ3JXATDXTDOOLPA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have a defense relationship stretching back decades, in part due to Islamabad's willingness to defend the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina in the kingdom. Pakistani troops first traveled to Saudi Arabia in the late 1960s over concerns about Egypt's war in Yemen at the time. "},{"_id":"KRJUIPTXP5GDFC4SK34ZWNXQMY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Those ties increased after Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution and the kingdom's fears of a confrontation with Tehran."},{"_id":"6DOIJ6YSZZFOLNPJNRTHBZ4GKA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan developed its nuclear weapons program to counter India's atomic bombs. The two neighbors have fought multiple wars against each other and again came close to open warfare after an attack on tourists in April in Indian-controlled Kashmir. India is believed to have an estimated 172 nuclear warheads, while Pakistan has 170, according to the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists."},{"_id":"TJNKCCUBJRHZRCZXSJFSRQRECY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday, India's Foreign Ministry acknowledged the Saudi-Pakistan pact and said it “will study the implications of this development for our national security as well as for regional and global stability.” Saudi Arabia also maintains close ties with India. "},{"level":2,"_id":"N56AU7WVL5E3LMJ6LGPWHZTMLY","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"An interest in Pakistan's program"},{"_id":"QXZ7PHWMK5FDNCTS46PKBDTHOY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Retired Pakistani Brig. Gen. Feroz Hassan Khan, in his book on his country's nuclear weapons program called “Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb,” said Saudi Arabia provided “generous financial support” for the program's effort."},{"_id":"PVXDW3PLMRAA7CPC5TERUOXILU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In a 2007 U.S. diplomatic cable published by WikiLeaks, American diplomats in Saudi Arabia noted that their Pakistani counterparts had brought up the idea of the kingdom pursuing a weapons program alongside Islamabad. "},{"_id":"DFDFHGJTLJB5ZEWIGAAC7SNSGE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“According to these officials, they understand that (Saudi Arabia) does want to protect itself and the region, and since, in their opinion, some of the other regional players — specifically Egypt — are unable to develop such weapons systems due to financial constraints, it is logical for the Saudis to step in as the physical ‘protector’ just as they have been increasingly stepping in as peace mediators in various regional conflicts,” the cable read. "},{"_id":"U6WIEHE3QNE7JBFPLZDWET5DYE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia did not respond to questions from The Associated Press on Thursday on whether the pact extended to Islamabad's nuclear weapons arsenal. "},{"level":2,"_id":"L5ILZ2YXIJG7BKBXIF5TBSHOJ4","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"How Iran ties in"},{"_id":"HFDSQWHHCBAARBQCKE6LBJPJ34","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia has sought to U.S. assistance to advance a civilian nuclear power program, in part with what had been a proposed diplomatic recognition deal with Israel prior to the 2023 Hamas attack. That could allow Saudi Arabia to enrich uranium in the kingdom — something that worries nonproliferation experts as spinning centrifuges opens the door to a possible weapons program. "},{"_id":"TSASM66JHBEH3LLNR2HAJBDA7I","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Prince Mohammed has said the kingdom would pursue a nuclear weapon if Iran had one. The kingdom already is believed to have a domestic ballistic missile program, which can be a delivery system for a nuclear weapon. However, Saudi Arabia is a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and isn't known to have move toward acquiring the bomb through its own work. "},{"_id":"A753V64DAJDRZLFB5J5HJQP4IE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Before the defense pact was signed, Iran dispatched Ali Larijani, a senior political figure who now serves as the secretary of the country's Supreme National Security Council, to visit Saudi Arabia. That may have seen the kingdom acknowledge the pact to Tehran, with which it has had a Chinese-mediated détente with Iran since 2023. "},{"_id":"T5Y5DVBYMNERJDA5HYJTTL5AXI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"X3OOL5DQT5FXNOAFQ2WQQSTF3Y","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Gambrell reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Associated Press writer Vineeta Deepak in New Delhi contributed to this report. "},{"_id":"3XV2DR3YAJER5GSFH7RM42X4J4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"G3E5OVHBPBHNTGH4OVUIJIYZEM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The Associated Press receives support for nuclear security coverage from the Carnegie Corporation of New York and Outrider Foundation. The AP is solely responsible for all content."},{"_id":"YBWIHIXQQ5DIPO4ZBXC6QTDDME","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"XKWTGR4UVZGJZGJAMAHHQWMSMI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Additional AP coverage of the nuclear landscape: https://apnews.com/projects/the-new-nuclear-landscape/"}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T06:23:50Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MUNIR AHMED and JON GAMBRELL","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Saudi Arabia signs mutual defense pact with nuclear-armed Pakistan after Israeli attack on Qatar"},"first_publish_date":"2025-09-18T06:32:50.097Z","taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":null,"sponsor_mobile_banner":null,"sponsor_url":null},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":null,"section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sections":[{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent":{"default":"/news"},"_website":"ajc","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":"","sponsor_mobile_banner":"","sponsor_url":""},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":"","section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","_website":"ajc","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"_website_section_id":"ajc./news/nation-world","type":"section","version":"0.6.0"}],"primary_section":{"path":"/news/nation-world","name":"Nation & World News"},"tags":[{"text":"natworld.ap"}]},"type":"story","last_updated_date":"2025-09-18T06:32:50.097Z","promo_items":{"basic":{"auth":{"1":"237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21"},"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"AP","type":"author"}],"by":[{"name":"Saudi Press Agency","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"Pakistan Saudi Arabia","width":1600,"caption":"This handout photograph released by the state-run Saudi Press Agency shows Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, left, embracing Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman after signing a joint defense pact in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 2025. 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(Saudi Press Agency via AP)","type":"image","distributor":{"mode":"reference","reference_id":"f2a90805-7d0d-46e0-bff3-5e7060bf4d90"},"url":"https://cloudfront-us-east-1.images.arcpublishing.com/ajc/WVG6QNVCO5FQHOMOF75CPXPNUE.jpg","height":1284,"resized_obj":{"0":{"src":"https://www.ajc.com/resizer/v2/WVG6QNVCO5FQHOMOF75CPXPNUE.jpg?auth=237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21&width=600&height=400&smart=true"},"1":{"src":"https://www.ajc.com/resizer/v2/WVG6QNVCO5FQHOMOF75CPXPNUE.jpg?auth=237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21&width=600&height=400&smart=true"},"2":{"src":"https://www.ajc.com/resizer/v2/WVG6QNVCO5FQHOMOF75CPXPNUE.jpg?auth=237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21&width=500&height=500&smart=true"}}}},{"content_elements":[{"_id":"S6UEMHHNSNAGBNT46PUI37PFLQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"HONG KONG (AP) — Critically endangered yellow-crested cockatoos found an unexpected sanctuary among Hong Kong ’s towering skyscrapers, but like their human neighbors they now face trouble finding a place to call home."},{"_id":"IBGPLE6FMJHZ5KUHZAV3AVLKOY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Native to Indonesia and East Timor, the snow-white birds, their crests flashing like yellow crowns, squawk through the urban parks of the Asian financial hub. They make up roughly 10% of the species' global wild population, which numbers only up to 2,000 mature birds."},{"_id":"B5Y5DX6JBRHEXIPROROJH3QLRU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Research shows the city’s cockatoo population has stagnated as the birds, which live in tree cavities, are losing natural nesting spaces in old trees due to typhoons and government tree trimming for public safety. That's adding to global pressures on cockatoos such as the illegal pet trade and climate change."},{"_id":"SW7HRBOCF5FMJFX42VHXWSV76Y","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Hong Kong's conservationists have stepped in with a solution: installing artificial nest boxes that mimic these natural hollows."},{"_id":"22HR3NMMLVF3RGO6B7A74YOGU4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Astrid Andersson, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Hong Kong who led the project, said a pair of birds already settled in a nest box her team fixed onto a tree on her campus, the city’s oldest university. She aims to install 10 boxes by year's end and ultimately boost that figure to 50 in the next few years across Hong Kong Island. "},{"_id":"DYRI2PBQWJE25F72PDZ7MKCLQY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“And then they can continue to live in the city,” she said. "},{"level":2,"_id":"K4Y6CG4TE5HPHB6YJFICITD264","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Pet trade and habitat loss push species in Indonesia to the brink"},{"_id":"2STW2JASYZEJJLJHW4K3Y3KZW4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Once widespread across island chains from central to eastern Indonesia and East Timor, the yellow-crested cockatoo has vanished from many islands and clings to survival on others. "},{"_id":"5GV7HYBFVNE4FFSASBAGDLU36A","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The International Union for Conservation of Nature says as much as 90% of the population is thought to have disappeared since 1978, mainly due to trapping for the pet trade."},{"_id":"HV3BZL4KO5AQXAXLJ7M25K2GGU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Weak enforcement of a 1994 export ban by Indonesia has allowed the trade to persist, including targeting chicks. In 2015, Indonesian police arrested a man on suspicion of smuggling about 20 birds by stuffing them inside water bottles. "},{"_id":"B3GX242NQ5CLHC5QW7CZVS54WM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Deforestation from farming and logging is another problem. Indonesia lost 107,000 square kilometers (41,300 square miles) of its original tropical rainforest between 2002 and 2024 — an area about the size of Iceland — accounting for about a third of all tree cover loss during that time, according to Global Forest Watch."},{"_id":"HPP5AYTQLNHVVAZ4ZUHEWZGWG4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Climate change is making things worse. Rising temperatures dry out forests, leaving them more vulnerable to fires. Many birds live on volcanic islands, where eruptions can spark wildfires in the parched landscapes."},{"_id":"AXPP6GNRBVBJJC7M72I24JU3T4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“The fires are humongous,” said Bonnie Zimmermann, director of the Indonesian Parrot Project, a nonprofit organization. "},{"level":2,"_id":"QAP3GOIMPZADXNKBE6NOTYI5JM","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Hong Kong bird market sales raise concerns "},{"_id":"ECK4MFVMXFAKZINZ3XFR2FLNXQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The wild cockatoos in Hong Kong’s urban parks could be from escaped or released pets, Andersson said. One urban legend says they descended from pet birds released by a British governor before he surrendered to invading Japanese troops in 1941. Hong Kong, a former British colony, returned to Chinese control in 1997. "},{"_id":"RONEOJZ7L5EMJMFFUNQZIZDQU4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Hong Kong bans commercial trading in wild-caught cockatoos, but allows captive-bred sales for operations registered under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, or CITES. However, there is no such breeding operation registered in the city."},{"_id":"KJ6GTQ66WZCD5PZAL2UD74TKDA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In August, a three-month-old chick was priced at 14,000 Hong Kong dollars ($1,800) in the city’s bird market. "},{"_id":"TM6WC3FV2BADVAPGAKLJUIDGRA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"A 2017-2018 survey by Andersson found 33 cockatoos for sale, triple the number of birds imported since 2005. They could be from home breeding, trafficking from abroad or Hong Kong’s wild population, the university said in a statement. "},{"_id":"SDXI7KWZYZHRZE2LBEWKVRKG5U","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Andersson has developed a forensic test to help distinguish between those who live in the wild and those bred in captivity, and she hopes it can be applied in the market one day. "},{"_id":"NBPFUT2W2RF2HGWHJ4WJKJBAKE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Many Hong Kongers do not know the birds are critically endangered. Dreamy Cheung said she was unaware when she bought her pet, Mochi, in 2021 for 20,000 Hong Kong dollars ($2,570). She felt anxious after learning of her intelligent bird’s endangered status, especially given its missing identification leg ring and possible illegal origins. "},{"_id":"ICBDC77SNZA3DHHG2OSFCHDNHU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“It's like taking away someone else’s baby,” she said."},{"_id":"WUWHSPRLUZF3RGUW2IPECCTCC4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In an emailed statement to The Associated Press, the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department said the government was committed to protecting endangered species, with regular inspections at markets and shops. It has no record of cockatoo poaching in the past five years, but it will investigate any reports, it said. "},{"_id":"PGMYF5HRK5BWXII334MBPIUWQA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"It added that it will provide advice on bird conservation for any tree trimming that may affect wild birds."},{"level":2,"_id":"EYU7LD74QZCOVKWEWEALZDGHKU","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"Creating space for coexistence"},{"_id":"O36WIXHG4FEVTFCW43SFAH5YUU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Hong Kong's cockatoos symbolize how humans and wildlife can coexist in a highly urbanized environment, said Andersson. Local birds also may carry some distinct genetic lineages missing in their native range, helping to sustain their genetic diversity. "},{"_id":"GNNPKUBFCVE4DCURORKFUQQW6Y","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“Hopefully, Hong Kong’s population will be able to contribute to saving this species from extinction,\" she said. "},{"_id":"AQTKKDJURRGPVJ6TU3OY4GEWF4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Her team plans to use cameras installed inside the nest boxes to collect data about cockatoo reproductive behavior, a topic that has not been extensively studied. "},{"_id":"HOIXGDIRYJB3XC6ZCAGFWVVUFM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Cockatoos squawked in the upper branches of a tree in a park in the city's Causeway Bay area as conservationist Harry Wong installed a wood chip-filled nesting box. "},{"_id":"GA2FMWOM4RDVRGDF7SYWLING4A","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Wong tried a similar project a decade ago without success. "},{"_id":"G7LGKRTVWVEXRM2JD6EKH4FSXY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"This time, watching cockatoos occupy a nest box at the University of Hong Kong just two months after it was installed, he was excited and surprised. "},{"_id":"TBCL5JVAYRHBVMBWVZNTJD4EGU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“We can create small things in the city that allow the animals who live here to coexist with us,” he said. "},{"_id":"KLN4DQRXWVEFXB624AULCPG7MI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"_____"},{"_id":"GUWJ2SF26FCODJBRYISGEU7PPI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Ghosal reported from Hanoi, Vietnam. Associated Press news assistant Elaine Lai contributed to this report. 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"},{"level":2,"_id":"SQCK5TEFI5GH7OZSDYQDLMVJZU","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"A long defense relationship"},{"_id":"IXGCZ4JOYZGSTLJJ3ERLICC2A4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have a defense relationship stretching back decades, in part due to Islamabad's willingness to defend the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina in the kingdom. Pakistani troops first traveled to Saudi Arabia in the late 1960s over concerns about Egypt's war in Yemen at the time. "},{"_id":"W5QCFYZCWJGOLNH5GD7WOIWMYQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Those ties increased after Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution and the kingdom's fears of a confrontation with Tehran."},{"_id":"ZVKPXFHQMBCK3ISDPEVGOBKLNE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan developed its nuclear weapons program to counter India's atomic bombs. The two neighbors have fought multiple wars against each other and again came close to open warfare after an attack on tourists in April in Indian-controlled Kashmir. India is believed to have an estimated 172 nuclear warheads, while Pakistan has 170, according to the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists."},{"_id":"AJLBEWO7HJBUJAYH7EQBB5UH4Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday, India's Foreign Ministry acknowledged the Saudi-Pakistan pact and said it “will study the implications of this development for our national security as well as for regional and global stability.” Saudi Arabia also maintains close ties with India. "},{"level":2,"_id":"YWHTBP2XYNBO7FNINUFOQDET5Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"An interest in Pakistan's program"},{"_id":"KZF46OH44ZDVJIPH7JC6CK4LMM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Retired Pakistani Brig. Gen. 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"},{"_id":"AWASESVHAVETBLPO7IN5KUVOE4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“According to these officials, they understand that (Saudi Arabia) does want to protect itself and the region, and since, in their opinion, some of the other regional players — specifically Egypt — are unable to develop such weapons systems due to financial constraints, it is logical for the Saudis to step in as the physical ‘protector’ just as the they have been increasingly stepping in as peace mediators in various regional conflicts,” the cable read. "},{"_id":"TVPVEQEOH5GANAOCUM4BU3CYMA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia did not respond to questions from The Associated Press on Thursday on whether the pact extended to Islamabad's nuclear weapons arsenal. 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However, Saudi Arabia is a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and isn't known to have move toward acquiring the bomb through its own work. "},{"_id":"JR4KSSHLXZH2TJ5POOGDEONUCE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Before the defense pact was signed, Iran dispatched Ali Larijani, a senior political figure who now serves as the secretary of the country's Supreme National Security Council, to visit Saudi Arabia. That may have seen the kingdom acknowledge the pact to Tehran, with which it has had a Chinese-mediated détente with Iran since 2023. "},{"_id":"2MZA6OUCCBF3PJY7QPDKTXUPDU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"VR5TZDATPVCITPBNWPK4IQQKYI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Gambrell reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Associated Press writer Vineeta Deepak in New Delhi contributed to this report. 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The AP is solely responsible for all content."},{"_id":"FULSXZR7PBDXXFJCDMGXDWLOY4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"7QB2X7S4YBEIZO6LYUCVWUOP6Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Additional AP coverage of the nuclear landscape: https://apnews.com/projects/the-new-nuclear-landscape/"}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T05:40:11Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MUNIR AHMED and JON GAMBRELL","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Saudi Arabia signs mutual defense pact with nuclear-armed Pakistan after Israeli attack on Qatar"},"first_publish_date":"2025-09-18T05:42:42.965Z","taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":null,"sponsor_mobile_banner":null,"sponsor_url":null},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":null,"section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sections":[{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent":{"default":"/news"},"_website":"ajc","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":"","sponsor_mobile_banner":"","sponsor_url":""},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":"","section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","_website":"ajc","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"_website_section_id":"ajc./news/nation-world","type":"section","version":"0.6.0"}],"primary_section":{"path":"/news/nation-world","name":"Nation & World News"},"tags":[{"text":"natworld.ap"}]},"type":"story","last_updated_date":"2025-09-18T05:42:42.965Z","promo_items":{"basic":{"auth":{"1":"237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21"},"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"AP","type":"author"}],"by":[{"name":"Saudi Press Agency","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"Pakistan Saudi Arabia","width":1600,"caption":"This handout photograph released by the state-run Saudi Press Agency shows Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, left, embracing Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman after signing a joint defense pact in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 2025. 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"},{"_id":"OWIV5RFN45CIVLKA3GR6DD6OKY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia long has had close economic, religious and security ties to Pakistan, including reportedly providing funding for Islamabad's nuclear weapons program as it developed. Analysts — and Pakistani diplomats in at least one case — have suggested over the years that the kingdom could be included under Islamabad's nuclear umbrella, particularly as tensions have risen over Iran's atomic program. "},{"_id":"YTTCSVWIQRARJO5H25TZKYWKBY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"But the timing of the pact appeared to be a signal to Israel, long suspected to be the Middle East's only nuclear-armed state, which has conducted a sprawling military offensive since Hamas' Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel stretching across Iran, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Qatar, Syria and Yemen. "},{"_id":"PXR56YKYZNFORP5GQMZJDKO2PU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Israel did not immediately acknowledge the pact, which was the first firm defense decision made by a Gulf Arab country since the Qatar attack last week. The United States, long the security guarantor for the Gulf states, also did not immediately acknowledge the agreement."},{"_id":"H4TLQBHPQZCDLMQ3CMZZTJT45E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia’s powerful Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman signed the pact Wednesday with Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. 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"},{"level":2,"_id":"TNJTIXHDT5A3PJYZRUV5R54PX4","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"A long defense relationship"},{"_id":"5RMGCKRE7RBGNNA43KOXLQ4Z5I","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have a defense relationship stretching back decades, in part due to Islamabad's willingness to defend the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina in the kingdom. Pakistani troops first traveled to Saudi Arabia in the late 1960s over concerns about Egypt's war in Yemen at the time. Those ties increased after Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution and the kingdom's fears of a confrontation with Tehran"},{"_id":"FQO73CZXJ5HIJF6MWVWTYIBPBA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan developed its nuclear weapons program to counter India's atomic bombs. The two countries have fought multiple wars against each other and again came close to open warfare after an attack on tourists in April in Indian-controlled Kashmir. "},{"_id":"Y3HEEDGFWRFOBFVPWJYCCPI7WA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday, India's Foreign Ministry acknowledged the pact being signed and said it “will study the implications of this development for our national security as well as for regional and global stability.” Saudi Arabia also maintains close ties to India. "},{"_id":"ALSHHNT7TNFTLIHOT2QFWGIRAE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"There long have been signals of the kingdom's interest in Pakistan's program. Retired Pakistani Brig. Gen. Feroz Hassan Khan, in his book on his country's nuclear weapons program called “Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb,” said Saudi Arabia provided “generous financial support” for its effort."},{"_id":"UNIH43TJPNEGFKUC6BDSHY5GHY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In a 2007 U.S. diplomatic cable published by WikiLeaks, American diplomats in Saudi Arabia noted that their Pakistani counterparts had brought up the idea of the kingdom pursuing a weapons program alongside Islamabad. 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"},{"_id":"JS6CI6CVA5GQVPISUWWBSJXRRI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia has sought to U.S. assistance to advance a civilian nuclear power program, in part with what had been a proposed diplomatic recognition deal with Israel prior to the 2023 Hamas attack. That could allow Saudi Arabia enrich uranium in the kingdom — something that worries nonproliferation experts as spinning centrifuges opens the door to a possible weapons program. "},{"_id":"NYQEQCQ62FGFFGYNHPJ2S72UQU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Prince Mohammed has said the kingdom would pursue a nuclear weapon if Iran had one. It already is believed to have a domestic ballistic missile program, which can be a delivery system for a nuclear weapon. However, Saudi Arabia is a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and isn't known to have move toward acquiring the bomb through its own work. 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The AP is solely responsible for all content."},{"_id":"TTQ42SK3JNATHLNNXBMCL3SJ3E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"DCREYFMRJZFNNGV666PQVMWF5M","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Additional AP coverage of the nuclear landscape: https://apnews.com/projects/the-new-nuclear-landscape/"}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T05:17:20Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MUNIR AHMED and JON GAMBRELL","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Saudi Arabia signs mutual defense pact with nuclear-armed Pakistan after Israel attacks Qatar"},"first_publish_date":"2025-09-18T05:22:40.861Z","taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":null,"sponsor_mobile_banner":null,"sponsor_url":null},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":null,"section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sections":[{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent":{"default":"/news"},"_website":"ajc","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":"","sponsor_mobile_banner":"","sponsor_url":""},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":"","section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","_website":"ajc","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"_website_section_id":"ajc./news/nation-world","type":"section","version":"0.6.0"}],"primary_section":{"path":"/news/nation-world","name":"Nation & World News"},"tags":[{"text":"natworld.ap"}]},"type":"story","last_updated_date":"2025-09-18T05:22:40.861Z","promo_items":{"basic":{"auth":{"1":"237f48daaeb48dbca78fd43faee7e93fae2ba9f78313f1abec63080cf719ea21"},"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"AP","type":"author"}],"by":[{"name":"Saudi Press Agency","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"Pakistan Saudi Arabia","width":1600,"caption":"This handout photograph released by the state-run Saudi Press Agency shows Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, left, embracing Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman after signing a joint defense pact in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 2025. 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"},{"_id":"XHDH3L2NKBBWPI4OPGWBUVHSPI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia long has had close economic, religious and security ties to Pakistan, including reportedly providing funding for Islamabad's nuclear weapons program as it developed. Analysts — and Pakistani diplomats in at least one case — have suggested over the years that the kingdom could be included under Islamabad's nuclear umbrella, particularly as tensions have risen over Iran's atomic program. "},{"_id":"WJW5TUGJH5HDRFNONRL47XE75Q","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"But the timing of the pact appeared to be a signal to Israel, long suspected to be the Middle East's only nuclear-armed state, which has conducted a sprawling military offensive since Hamas' Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel stretching across Iran, Lebanon, the Palestinian territories, Qatar, Syria and Yemen. "},{"_id":"BPJ2UVR3I5CXVJUXFFZBLCUKRI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Israel did not immediately acknowledge the pact, which was the first firm defense decision made by a Gulf Arab country since the Qatar attack last week. The United States, long the security guarantor for the Gulf states, also did not immediately acknowledge the agreement."},{"_id":"2Z2GSVMHDJCTRBJZJBY6VBX44M","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia’s powerful Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman signed the pact Wednesday with Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. "},{"_id":"D5OXUVEXGFE3XGGOXX5B3DXZSY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"While not specifically discussing the bomb, the agreement states “any aggression against either country shall be considered an aggression against both,” according to statements issued by both Pakistan’s Foreign Affairs Ministry and the state-run Saudi Press Agency."},{"_id":"SCORTYBEMND6ZHYP5UVTMRGV6E","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“This agreement ... aims to develop aspects of defense cooperation between the two countries and strengthen joint deterrence against any aggression,” the statement said. "},{"level":2,"_id":"MN7VCTXXZFEENK7XNNLOOKRBHM","additional_properties":{},"type":"header","content":"A long defense relationship"},{"_id":"K4XLC3LDIZDSHN6H3P64WT7PCM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have a defense relationship stretching back decades, in part due to Islamabad's willingness to defend the Islamic holy sites of Mecca and Medina in the kingdom. Pakistani troops first traveled to Saudi Arabia in the late 1960s over concerns about Egypt's war in Yemen at the time. Those ties increased after Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution and the kingdom's fears of a confrontation with Tehran"},{"_id":"FBNHJM55QFCNXOSOMSVDKZ65SA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Pakistan developed its nuclear weapons program to counter India's atomic bombs. The two countries have fought multiple wars against each other and again came close to open warfare after an attack on tourists in April in Indian-controlled Kashmir. "},{"_id":"SLIT4ZJZMRGJVG47RI5SDTY4Z4","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"On Thursday, India's Foreign Ministry acknowledged the pact being signed and said it “will study the implications of this development for our national security as well as for regional and global stability.” Saudi Arabia also maintains close ties to India. "},{"_id":"QRZRILPB3BGXTLZA3KYFCPAWKI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"There long have been signals of the kingdom's interest in Pakistan's program. Retired Pakistani Brig. Gen. Feroz Hassan Khan, in his book on his country's nuclear weapons program called “Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb,” said Saudi Arabia provided “generous financial support” for its effort."},{"_id":"FM643BHT5FGFHHXAZIHNOJ4WZA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"In a 2007 U.S. diplomatic cable published by WikiLeaks, American diplomats in Saudi Arabia noted that their Pakistani counterparts had brought up the idea of the kingdom pursuing a weapons program alongside Islamabad. "},{"_id":"TKQPWOYVH5GXFMN3GKVEOACLYA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"“According to these officials, they understand that (Saudi Arabia) does want to protect itself and the region, and since, in their opinion, some of the other regional players — specifically Egypt — are unable to develop such weapons systems due to financial constraints, it is logical for the Saudis to step in as the physical ‘protector’ just as the they have been increasingly stepping in as peace mediators in various regional conflicts,” the cable read. "},{"_id":"UL2KS7P5IBBCLE2EET67MSAXAQ","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Both Pakistan and Saudi Arabia did not respond to questions from The Associated Press on Thursday on whether the pact extended to Islamabad's nuclear weapons arsenal. "},{"_id":"HIGD2PWCNNDA7IPPOFYPOPOAKA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Saudi Arabia has sought to U.S. assistance to advance a civilian nuclear power program, in part with what had been a proposed diplomatic recognition deal with Israel prior to the 2023 Hamas attack. That could allow Saudi Arabia enrich uranium in the kingdom — something that worries nonproliferation experts as spinning centrifuges opens the door to a possible weapons program. "},{"_id":"EI3E2KULR5EWHCI56RHGS2MECU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Prince Mohammed has said the kingdom would pursue a nuclear weapon if Iran had one. It already is believed to have a domestic ballistic missile program, which can be a delivery system for a nuclear weapon. However, Saudi Arabia is a member of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and isn't known to have move toward acquiring the bomb through its own work. "},{"_id":"J3EVLJXCVRGSXIQMQEB4Y3UA2I","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Before the defense pact was signed, Iran dispatched Ali Larijani, a senior political figure who now serves as the secretary of the country's Supreme National Security Council, to visit Saudi Arabia. That may have seen the kingdom acknowledge the pact to Tehran, with which it has had a Chinese-mediated détente with Iran since 2023. "},{"_id":"WYI32FM2RJDD7FQQN65R44B4XU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"NKJF4LDU7BCUFLWVHACP62YSGE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Gambrell reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Associated Press writer Vineeta Deepak in New Delhi contributed to this report. 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The AP is solely responsible for all content."},{"_id":"XDZRP2YOX5HUXIDYFIH7ODHLHA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"KZTLDXMRZFAH7KEMN4BBBAQKBU","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Additional AP coverage of the nuclear landscape: https://apnews.com/projects/the-new-nuclear-landscape/"}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T04:54:17Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MUNIR AHMED and JON GAMBRELL","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Saudi Arabia signs mutual defense pact with nuclear-armed Pakistan after Israel attacks Qatar"},"first_publish_date":"2025-09-18T05:02:37.82Z","taxonomy":{"primary_site":{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":null,"sponsor_mobile_banner":null,"sponsor_url":null},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":null,"section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"type":"site","version":"0.5.8"},"sections":[{"path":"/news/nation-world","parent":{"default":"/news"},"_website":"ajc","parent_id":"/news","name":"Nation & World News","description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","_id":"/news/nation-world","additional_properties":{"original":{"sponsor":{"sponsor_url_open_new_tab":"true","sponsor_desktop_banner":"","sponsor_mobile_banner":"","sponsor_url":""},"parent":{"AmpNav":"/news","default":"/news","MainMenu2024":"/news","BottomNav":null,"TopNavRedesign":null,"SectionMap":"/","MainMenuRedesign2021":null,"subnav_news":"/","TopNav":null,"ComposerNav":"/news"},"site":{"site_url":"","section_comments_enabled":"Yes","site_description":"US and world news updates from the AJC","site_title":"Nation & World News"},"navigation":{"nav_title":"National & World News"},"inactive":false,"node_type":"section","_website":"ajc","name":"Nation & World News","_id":"/news/nation-world","ancestors":{"MainMenu2024":["/news","/"],"default":["/news","/"],"TopNavRedesign":[],"SectionMap":["/"],"MainMenuRedesign2021":[],"subnav_news":["/"],"TopNav":[],"ComposerNav":["/news","/"]},"order":{"AmpNav":2017,"default":2030,"MainMenu2024":2003,"SectionMap":1120,"subnav_news":1004,"ComposerNav":2009}}},"_website_section_id":"ajc./news/nation-world","type":"section","version":"0.6.0"}],"primary_section":{"path":"/news/nation-world","name":"Nation & World News"},"tags":[{"text":"natworld.ap"}]},"type":"story","last_updated_date":"2025-09-18T05:02:37.82Z","promo_items":{"basic":{"auth":{"1":"5f975b43b134289dcf91b5f78037e3ea0f374a7d2043a1356ba361e73c370ad5"},"credits":{"affiliation":[{"name":"AP","type":"author"}],"by":[{"name":"Uncredited","type":"author"}]},"subtitle":"Pakistan Saudi Arabia","width":2000,"caption":"FILE - In this Monday, March 30, 2015 file photo provided by the Saudi Press Agency (SPA), Royal Saudi Land Forces and units of Special Forces of the Pakistani army take part in a joint military exercise called \"Al-Samsam 5\" in Shamrakh field, north of Baha region, southwest Saudi Arabia. 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(AP) — Law enforcement were investigating Thursday after a shooting killed three officers and wounded two more in southern Pennsylvania the day before. "},{"_id":"HEVBKVEM3BBQLE6QIE4ZNOXS5M","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The violence erupted in rural York County as officers followed up on a domestic-related investigation that began on Tuesday. Police killed the shooter. "},{"_id":"5GX7V2OHJFFHJOKTCF7TYH7FIY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Hours after the violence, community members held American flags and saluted as police and emergency vehicles formed a procession to the coroner’s office. "},{"_id":"SNE34OPPHVERJFQNTPRSME4RDE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Gov. Josh Shapiro condemned the violence at a news conference and said it was a tragic loss of life. Attorney General Pamela Bondi called the violence against police “a scourge on our society.” "},{"_id":"CXE3N4GWWNH6ZE5BDMUXCTNFTY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"It was one of the deadliest days for Pennsylvania police this century. In 2009 three Pittsburgh officers responding to a domestic disturbance were ambushed and shot to death by a man in a bulletproof vest."},{"_id":"I2A6KHVC4ZAG7BOPNYXIEGCV2M","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Police departments across the region expressed condolences on social media. People were leaving flowers at the headquarters of the Northern York Regional Police Department. "},{"_id":"WBPXZ77TQ5BKZEAYSPNAW67ISI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The investigation into the shooting will cover multiple locations in York County, state police said in a statement. "},{"_id":"JO2TRDRU7ZCSDLBES3GFKWVDAA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The shooting erupted in the area of North Codorus Township, about 115 miles (185 km) west of Philadelphia, not far from Maryland, authorities said. "},{"_id":"QX7ULWJXLZBTJFUBFHPVQQSBBM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Dirk Anderson heard “quite a few” shots from his home across the street from the shooting, he said. He saw a helicopter and police arrive. "},{"_id":"TZUPQFIUD5HPTOT6LPEKAW5SKI","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The emergency response unfolded on a rural road in south-central Pennsylvania. Some 30 police vehicles blocked off roads bordered by a barn, a goat farm and soybean and corn fields."},{"_id":"2AAIRZWBGBBINFCRORFPGBCOPE","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"The two injured officers were in critical but stable condition at York Hospital, authorities said."},{"_id":"F5DIBNRLMFBBBOGBUMAISJCDXA","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Authorities did not identify the shooter, the officers or which police department they belonged to, or describe how they were shot, citing the investigation."},{"_id":"QVZJUMUYG5H5LOBTAV64WYLBZM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Family members of those killed were grieving but proud of their loved ones, said Shapiro. "},{"_id":"KICHRNUUIFAHXN7O6Q5MSFN74M","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Another officer in the area was killed in February, when a man armed with a pistol and zip ties entered a hospital’s intensive care unit and took staff members hostage before a shootout that left both the man and an officer dead. "},{"_id":"3YYLOWSUTZGN5OG44HWRNITNZM","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"___"},{"_id":"PP2KUHBONFFKXACPERK6INQXVY","additional_properties":{},"type":"text","content":"Associated Press reporters Patrick Whittle in Portland, Maine; Kimberlee Kruesi in Providence, Rhode Island; Michael Casey in Boston and Audrey McAvoy in Honolulu contributed to this report. Levy reported from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and Dale from Philadelphia."}],"display_date":"2025-09-18T04:50:16Z","credits":{"by":[{"affiliation":"Associated Press","org":"Associated Press","name":"MARYCLAIRE DALE, MARC LEVY AND MARK SCOLFORO","type":"author"}]},"subtype":"Wire","headlines":{"basic":"Shooting kills 3 officers and wounds 2 more in rural Pennsylvania. 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Ground beef is up nearly 13%, and apples almost 10%, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "},{"_id":"DZGLL6BJRZHLPNLPJBQH3BJLYE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"With prices up on many food items, Rachael Auld says she has to shop around. The Belvedere Park resident hunts for deals at different grocery stores, picks produce at farmers markets and uses a delivery service for pricier cuts of meat. "},{"_id":"I5QHJMMCRNGOBGMK6XKBML3B5U","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"“Groceries are more expensive than I feel like they’ve ever been,” Auld said Sunday while perusing vendors at the Avondale Estates Farmers Market. “We’ve watched our grocery budget over the years just continue to grow, even though we are just a small family of three.”"},{"_id":"JDVXEW2Q65CQHKBY7BZ4UDSD5Q","additional_properties":{"nofollow":false,"selectedStory":false,"sponsored":false,"openInNewTab":true},"type":"interstitial_link","content":"Opinion: How inflation, labor market fare will determine if Fed lowers interest rates","url":"https://www.ajc.com/opinion/2025/09/how-inflation-labor-market-fare-will-determine-if-fed-lowers-interest-rates/"},{"_id":"3KXFAK5ITVHHDKJFKYRWERXEQI","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[{"date":"2025-09-16T18:04:23.036Z","replies":[],"pos":141,"comment":" including food and housing","isNote":true,"type":"insert","user":"NANCY CLANTON","email":"Nancy.Clanton@coxinc.com"}],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"Inflation recently reached its highest level this year, government data shows, with prices increasing for food, housing and other necessities. "},{"_id":"PVLDF6E2TJHQHANAX4JNV6RJJY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"The Consumer Price Index rose at an annual rate of 2.9% in August, edging higher in recent months but still below a 40-year high the U.S. experienced in 2022 as demand for products grew and supply chains remained strained following the COVID-19 pandemic. "},{"_id":"54ZNI24QGNFZJJM25WW6CQEBB4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"The food-at-home index, which measures grocery prices, rose in August to an annual rate of 2.7%, the highest it’s been in two years. "},{"_id":"RUPKJ72Y7BGHLFEOZ6ZBOPAGSY","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"The persistent inflation comes as the Federal Reserve weighs whether to lower interest rates to aid a cooling labor market and as tariffs start to ripple through the economy. 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Prices are up on some home goods, vehicles and apparel. For example, the cost of used cars and trucks is up 6% from a year ago, and furniture and bedding almost 5%. "},{"_id":"GMUKYBHM4FDVRE3XM7GVDVOVOU","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"Feldman expects tariffs to more broadly cycle through in coming months, which could likely “take another bite out of consumer spending,” he said. "},{"_id":"YIRV7EM2IZACZNBFOX7ESQSN7I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"alignment":"left","type":"text","content":"Georgia companies, such as Home Depot, have already talked about the impact of tariffs, with the home improvement retailer last month noting “modest price movement” on certain goods."},{"_id":"SJXLNLDUOVEYTBIMIQHQRXQSM4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"The U.S. tariff situation, though, remains uncertain because of ongoing legal challenges and evolving policies. 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It dipped 0.1% month over month in August and cooled to an annual rate of 2.6%."},{"_id":"KSAAV734GJFDRFG65TQ3SSWGBE","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"The producer price index measures wholesale inflation."},{"_id":"BYILLZ4EX5EZPFFV54K7KYISD4","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"“The latest PPI report shows there is no inflation — wholesale prices fell and smashed economists’ expectations,” White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt said in a prepared statement. “President Trump has defeated Joe Biden’s inflation crisis while successfully implementing powerful tariffs, which haven’t hiked prices like the so-called ‘experts’ claimed.”"},{"_id":"73MAUVV7QVECZC35OF7ECP5X5I","additional_properties":{"inline_comments":[],"comments":[]},"type":"text","content":"Simeon Wallis, chief investment officer at Atlanta-based accounting and business advisory firm Aprio Wealth Management, said that, over time, a decline in the producer price index could potentially reduce consumer prices. 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