A federal judge in Atlanta has rejected arguments that Georgia's method of execution by lethal injection is unconstitutional, clearing the way for Tuesday's planned execution of William Lynd for killing his girlfriend in Berrien County in 1988.

Ruling from the bench after 90 minutes of arguments, U.S. District Court Judge Beverly Martin found Georgia's procedures similar enough to Kentucky's, which were upheld last month by the U.S. Supreme Court.

"In some ways, it seems a little bit better the way they try to do it in Georgia," she said.

Martin denied relief to condemned killer Jack Alderman, convicted of killing his wife outside of Savannah in 1974.

Alderman's lawyers, from the New York law firm Clifford Chance and Atlanta's King & Spalding, fiercely litigated the challenge, taking testimony from state prison officials and experts. They contend Georgia's procedures pose an unacceptably high risk of severe pain and run afoul of the Constitution's guarantee against cruel and unusual punishment.

But Martin, a former U.S. attorney in Macon and appointee of President Bill Clinton's, opened the hearing by telling Alderman's lawyers they had a "tough job" overcoming the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision.

Chief Justice John Roberts, who announced the high court's decision, said a successful challenge had to demonstrate a substantial risk of severe harm. "A state with a lethal injection protocol substantially similar to the [Kentucky] protocol ... would not create a risk that meets this standard," Roberts added.

Like Kentucky, Georgia uses a three-drug cocktail: the sedative sodium pentothal followed by pancuronium bromide, a muscle relaxer that stops breathing, and potassium chloride, which causes cardiac arrest.

But Michael Siem, one of Alderman's lawyers, said Georgia has none of the safeguards that the U.S. Supreme Court cited when upholding Kentucky's procedures.

In Kentucky, Siem said, a prison official confirms that the sodium pentothal has rendered the inmate unconscious before the next drugs are injected. There is required training for those who execute inmates in Kentucky, while Georgia's protocol does not call for it, he said. Georgia should adopt Kentucky's procedures to comply the Constitution, he said.

But Eddie Snelling, a lawyer from the state attorney general's office, told Martin that lethal injection here is administered by trained officials and overseen by two licensed nurses with decades of experience. One nurse looks for indicators to make sure the inmate is unconscious before the other drugs are administered and two physicians stand by to give advice, Snelling said.

The team that administers lethal injections conducts at least two practice sessions a year, Snelling said. If an execution is scheduled, the team undergoes three or four days of practice sessions before the execution.

"We, in fact, believe, your honor, we are superior" to Kentucky, he said.

Martin agreed. She told Alderman's lawyers they can appeal. But based on court precedent, she said, the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals likely will find Alderman raised his challenge too late and that it is barred by the statute of limitations.